GNOSTIC ABILITIES AS THE BASIS TO REALIZATION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING SKILLS IN THE INSTITUTIONS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION

Abstract

Some features of forming process of gnostic pupils’ skills in the institution of general secondary education were considered in the article. The content and forms of interaction between the teacher of chemistry and students were determined in the process of formation of gnostic skills in extracurricular activities. The interpretation of concepts of “skills”, “gnostic skills”, “gnostic abilities” is analyzed. The categorical features of the concept of “skill” were distinguished and the content analysis method is implemented. The types of interaction of Chemistry teacher and students have been determined in extracurricular activities at the level of subordination, cooperation and co-creation. The basic features and signs of gnostic skills which have been formed as a result of purposeful performance of systematic exercises are revealed. It was taken into account that the physiological basis of gnostic skills is the system of first-signal, secondary and inter-system bonds. The definition of the concepts “gnostic skills of Chemistry teacher” and “gnostic skills of a student in Chemistry” are given. It is researched that the sign of the gnostic skill formed in the students is the ability to transfer mental senses which are already known to them to a new situation. The importance of cooperation between the teacher and the student in the formation of gnostic skills in the process of studying Chemistry, both in class and in extracurricular activities has been proved. It has been discovered that gnostic skills are the basis of the teacher’s professional activity and the students 'educational activity both in class and in extracurricular work, formed in close cooperation between the teacher and the student in constantly changing conditions and ensure the students’ achievement not only in study, but also in the future professional activity, since they form a system of informed knowledge and skills, methods of implementing cognitive activity and its analysis.