STAGES OF FORMATION OF SKILLS OF PLAYING PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS OF STUDENTS OF ART LYCEUMS

Abstract

Among musical instruments, percussion instruments occupy a special place; in orchestras and ensembles they form the tempo-rhythmic basis, determine the artistic character of the work and often give it a nationalstylistic flavor. Effective mastery of percussion instruments involves consistent and purposeful formation of performance skills, organized taking into account the psychophysiological characteristics of the student and the specifics of percussion subfamilies. The purpose of the study is to scientifically outline the content and features of the stages of formation of skills in playing percussion instruments in students of art lyceums. Methods: the regulatory and legal analysis allowed us to define the concept of an art lyceum and the features of its educational activities, to clarify the requirements of typical programs and approaches to assessment, generalization was used to formulate a generalized definition of "skill formation", to identify common features of definitions of different authors, due to the systematic approach was used to establish relationships between goals, content, methods of forming skills of playing percussion instruments and assessment. The result is a description of a three-stage model of the formation of skills of playing percussion instruments in the context of an art lyceum, which is consistent with the requirements of current educational documents and the practice of school musical performance. The specified phasing ensures progress from primary motorrhythmic organization to interpretive independence and stage reliability, preparing the applicant for further specialized education. Conclusions: the formation of skills of playing percussion instruments by students of art lyceums includes three stages. At the initial stage, the foundations of technique and musicality are laid, students master basic playing techniques, develop rhythmic ear, coordination, learn an elementary repertoire, and form motivation for music lessons. At the intermediate (basic) level, there is intensive development of technical skills (speed, rudiments, playing various percussion instruments), enrichment of musical horizons with stylistically diverse material, education of ensemble skills and creative independence. The profile level completes the formation of a young drummer, skills are improved to a level close to professional, interpretive abilities, one's own performing style, readiness for further specialized education are formed.